miércoles, 31 de octubre de 2007

Temptation

Job and Satan put job in a kind of trial in which the question is if Job will remain faithful and loyal to god while keeping his fear and respect. Job is able to stand the different trials 10 times and then he finally gives in which in a way shows how humans will always have a weakness and once its reached its hard to keep going. But at the same time it also shows how humans can make themselves keep going for as long as they want. Here Job is able to keep his loyalty firm with god even though Satan tries to trick him into getting mad at god and insulting him but Job is always stable and has his mind clear. Still at the end, after being “tested” many times Job finally breaks down and expresses his feelings towards god. He tells how he feels mis treated and how unjust god has been with him; he complains but at the same time asks for forgiveness and for him not to be condemned. He says how good he has always been and even though God has always recognized this and has been aware of his unconditional faith, God still had it given for granted and never fully appreciated it. THis is why, as any human being, Job was stopped more by his emotions than what his physical characteristics were actually capable of doing.
Also in a way Job is one of the humans that will at some times keep his loyalty firm to god but will later on explote and express all frustrations and doubts that have aroused withing concerning God and the way he controls the world. We sometimes feel tricked and unjustly tried and therefore we have been ive a harsher punishment for our wrong doings, if it is a ounishment what we recieve. Either way, we wont always agree with the way God does things and maybe we are just supposed to learn to live with it withought questioning it. Or maybe we are meant to explore other posibilities and reclaim GOds unjustnesses.

martes, 30 de octubre de 2007

Tertiary sources

http://www.telegram.com/static/fire/ and http://burningissues.org/table2.htm come from the topic SMOKE in wikipedia.

http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=8&hid=102&sid=a113a16f-e733-4290-9783-457b8d653da9%40sessionmgr108 from Ebscohost

http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=17&hid=102&sid=a113a16f-e733-4290-9783-457b8d653da9%40sessionmgr108 from ebscohost. talks about the measures firefighters take to protect themselves from the smoke in fires

http://airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=smoke_fires.main from google and it calls for prevention from forest fires smoke.

http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/natres/06307.html from google and tells what the vegetation effects after fire are.

lunes, 29 de octubre de 2007

Who Deserves to be Forgiven?

“…The Lord also hath put away thy sin; though shall not die” Samuel 12:13
How could have God decided who shall live and who shall die? Why didn’t he instead killed David and saved the child? Why did he forgive David’s sin when he didn’t forgive any others?
God, it could be said, is similar to the judge in a court house. The life and future depends on him and his decision, but he is not always fair. He will take into account how the rest of his live was spend and how faithful he was toward him, and he will also de what he thinks will benefit him most. God has many human characteristics, including greed. He wants what’s best for him and this will always affect his decisions. But it is also a mystery why he chooses who will be saved and who won’t because the past of people can influence and how huge the sin was but the fact that they sinned is always a great risk. He sometimes kills some of his beloved but then, luckily, he sometimes saves them, just as he did with David.

Still his sin was not completely ignored since he had to live with the grief of a dying son. He also fated and didn’t sleep during the seven days of his sons life, and was forced to see his wife once more after his betrayal. This punishment was meant for him to never sin again… but will it work? Or is it human nature to sin?

domingo, 28 de octubre de 2007

Ruling Justly

“…He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God.” Samuel 23:3
This quote captured my attention while reading because it makes me think of how someone just has always been looked for but never found, and how God would supposedly subconsciously be really the one ruling. It is said that this person would rule by fearing god, in other word that he would do what he think god would not punish him for but then, even though God is supposed to have expressed what it is he wants through the bible, each person thinks god wants something different. The general idea everyone gets but then the details is what each person adapts to their own. It also happens that every person will get a different interpretation even from the own bible.
Ruling justly is something that will never be able to be agreed by every single person. This happens because every human being on earth has different opinions and are not equally satisfied. So how could god ever expect to be a just ruler, of course there are some that have been more responsible and equal with their power but having everyone happy is something that will never happen. What one person considers just, another might not and this is why these two will never share these ideas. That’s why ruling is so hard, because everyone wants and expects something different.

miércoles, 24 de octubre de 2007

the ten commandments

It is clear what god wants, referring to the daily life. It says when it is that people should work and go to school but he also sanctifies the seventh day, Sunday, since it was the day that god rested after creating the world. The Ten Commandments also make it clear what it is that people must not due to avoid making sins and therefore God would not have to punish them. If people kept real to these commandments, their lives would be as pure and can be and many of their sins would be ignored.

Even today Christians and Jews must follow these commandments and many values are based on these original commandments. Even the laws of countries are revolving around these "donts".

lunes, 22 de octubre de 2007

Moses in Egypt

Through out my reading I have come to see a "darker" side of God when it comes to the way he treats people. He manipulates Moses and the Pharaoh to do what is convenient for him and he doesn’t care about what happens to the Egyptians as long as the Israelites are well and all he wants is to prove that he is the greatest of all and that no one can dare put it to doubt or they will suffer. God also manipulates the Pharaoh when it comes to letting the Jesuits out so it makes you doubt what it is that he really wants, why didn’t he just control the pharaoh into letting the Jesuits leave from the beginning? Wouldn’t it have been much easier? It also came up to mi mind why it he chose the plagues that he put to Egypt why those and not any other? It also confuses me when it comes to understand why it is that god is acting this way. Throughout my life I have been taught that God is a good person that only does good but when I come to think about what we have read so far, God is constantly punishing humans, and even though it might be because humans are sinners and because they deserve a punishment, he is still making it greater than what it should be due to the circumstance. This makes me think why it was that the idea of god came to change after the New Testament. I also wonder why it is that all Egyptians cam eto be punished when it was only the pharaoh that was difying Gods power, even thouigh they might have been mistreating the Jesuits, it was still on orders. And why was Moses chosen if he did one of the worsts sins, he killed a man. I also come to wonder why it is that the movies done and the stories told to little kids exclude Aaron from the story when he, too, is a very important character in the story? any way, reading the bible has brought many new questions to my head and it has made me change some of my ideas about it.

domingo, 21 de octubre de 2007

The message

Even thougn I am a Christian, I have never been a very dedicates one. My parents are not very religious, and therefore influenced me in many of my current beliefs. I believe in god and his capability of making things happen. I also believe the fact that jesus was gods son. What i dont believe in is in some of the ways in which the church takes advantege of peoples faith and use it for their own benefit. Through history the church has been very currupt and how can we know that it is not currently corrupted? I also believe that the most important in any jind of religion is not prayer, I believe that one can communicate with god whenever they want, I even think God constantly knows what is going on in your head. I also think that when you want to confess you dont have to do it through a bishop, you can do it with yourself, as long as you understand what it is that you did wrong and you put your mind into never doing it again, then you can be calm and realize that you confessed, its just you did it in a different way.

Since we begun to read the bible I have been constantly thinking about all these things. About the fact that one really doesnt need to go to church to understand what is going on. I for example have understood most of it and as long as I get the message that is being tried to get through everything is ok. Right now in the chapters we had to read for today I understood about Abraham, about Ishmael, about Lot, etc. What does come to my mind though is tha fact that i perfectly understan the literal meaning of what is being told but i do wonder sometimes what it is that is trying to be exposed espiritualy. I guess that every person can interpret it in a different way even though many of the interpretations may have resemblence. Still I believe that each person is free to get whichever message from the text and not the one the church wants us to see. I also believe, though I might be completly wrong, that the New Testament is the part of the book which gives you the most spiritual background while theOld Testament is more of understanding the past and how God had comunicated with people on Earth before Jesus.

One thing about Im kind of glad is the moment in life in which I am reading the bible. I believe i might respect it more now that i am facing a tough moment in my life rather than I the way I would interpret the reading and show respect towards it if I was in a very happy moment in life.

jueves, 18 de octubre de 2007

"I Have a Dream"

http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm



The following is the whole speech of "I Have a Dream" made by Martin Luther King Jr. It was made on August 28, 1963.

The green part, though is just the part to which I will identify the fallacies.


I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. And so we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

appeal to tradition but its using in a negative way because it wants to change what has been occuring up to now in american history. It also uses Genetic fallacy when it talks about the Negros. It also uses appeal to emotion because it tells how the negros are currently suffering through different sircumstances and how it is that they are being segregated by the rest of the american population.
In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."

Here the fallacies that I can identify are the ones that appeal to emotion because it kind of makes the negroes feel betrayed and the genetic fallacy since it is referring to white and black men. Possibly bandwagon approach is also occuring because even though the mayority of the whites really were discriminating the blacks, I believe that there were a few that did support them and arent being given the recognition they diserve.
But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.

Faulty analogy because they are refering to justice as a check.
We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of Now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid
rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.
This refers to Straw man Argument because it exagerates what is being currently done so that the future changes. It also refers to appeal to emotion since it makes them feel as if they want equallity.
It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

This refers to genetic fallacy, It also uses Either/or fallacie even though it does not include those words, a threaten is being pplanted if what the negroes want is not done.
But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.
The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.

Genetic fallacy and "slipery slope" because it is saying how their actions will affect the future because they will influence one thing, then the next, and so on.
We cannot walk alone.
And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.
We cannot turn back.
There are those who are asking the devotees of
civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. *We cannot be satisfied as long as the negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their self-hood and robbed of their dignity by a sign stating: "For Whites Only."* We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream."¹
This time fallacies other than the genetic fallacy are being applied, they use appeal to emotion when they show all that is being forbiddden and how that should not occur, they also refer Hasty generalization and Straw Man argument because they are exxagerating the facts by making a generalization of how the negroes are treated to leave a greater impact.
I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And some of you have come from areas where your quest -- quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.
Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, I say to you today, my friends.
And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.
I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
I have a dream today!
I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of "interposition" and "nullification" -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.
I have a dream today!
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together."²
This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.
With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.
And this will be the day -- this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:
My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.
Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride,
From every mountainside, let freedom ring!
And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.
And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.
Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.
Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.
Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.
Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.
But not only that:
Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.
Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.
Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.
From every mountainside, let freedom ring.
And when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:
Free at last! Free at last!
Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!³

martes, 16 de octubre de 2007

Noahs Arc

Throughout Genesis 5 through 11 many questions have come up to mind. Some of these were the following:
- How did God choose who were worthy of surviving and who weren’t?
- Why didn’t the animals kill each other, some being predators and others being preys, while they were all in a very small space?
- How did all the animals arrive?
- How was Noah able to leave so many people behind?
- Scientifically, if related people or animals mate, their offspring will have deformities and other problems, how come this didn’t occur?
- The bible says that Noah and his three sons went into the arc while the rest of the humans died, how was it possible to then be more people born if no female was alive?
- Why did god decide he would never repeat the action? Was it really that bad? Now that he accepts evil will always be in humans, will he place other punishments upon us for other reasons?
- Why does the bible keep telling about people living such long lives? Were these ages’ literal or metaphors?
- It tells exactly who was son of whom, but how could this have been controlled?

These are only some of the questions that pop up onto my head as I read and I would really like to find answers to them.

The begining.. from the bible

We have now been able to look at many different myths and beliefs of how it was that the earth was created and how it was that everything begun. It is said in the bible that god created the earth, all around it, and everything in it in seven days. Each day something new would be made and eventually man was done after the seven days had passed. God, realizing men needed company created animals but soon realized that these weren’t enough company for men so he created the woman. He placed them in a garden and allowed them to eat from all trees except the one of the knowledge of good and bad. Then serpent convinced eve to eat from this tree and eve convinced Adam to eat and so they were each given a punishment. Then Eve gave birth to Cain and Abel and Cain killed his brother. Still more kids are born and so the family begins to grow and it is said that they each live an extraordinarily long life.

What this passage mostly reminded me was of human nature. From the beginning humans have the curiosity to try what they’re not supposed to and they have also felt envy and hatred to a point in which they actually killed ones brother. It is shown that from the beginning we were full of faults but of strengths as well. Today humans still feel such things as hatred, jealousy, curiosity, and superiority. Since the beginning humans have evoluted but some traits will always be kept the same.

viernes, 12 de octubre de 2007

The rural Deities, Erisichthon, Rhecus, The water Deities, The Camenae, The Winds

Many of the myths we’ve read so far are all referring to a specific story that occurred in time. This time though, Eurischthon was the only one of the myths I read today that is a story, the rest were generalizations. My personal opinion is that I prefer reading a specific event instead of generalizations because even though generalizations explain to you the main ideas about a god or anything else, when you read specific examples you can actually understand better how it is that that person lives and how his mind and feelings work.

The same thing happens with people. No matter how much you’ve heard about them and how many stories she’s lived through get to you, your opinion about a person is always strongest when you’ve met the person. You can, for example, have a very bad impression about a person because all of your friends hate her because she’s done really bad things to them, but then you meet her and she is very kind to you and proves herself to be a really good friend. Here your opinion would have turned around completely and it might have been that your friends originally gave her a reason to be mean. It also occurs when you just hear the bad stories about a person. It is well known that every person has strengths and weaknesses and these are as well included in personality. This is why you might have heard only the bad things a person has done when it turns out she has done many more good ones or vice versa. This is why it is better to know a person than just adapt on the comments of other people because it also happens that each person thinks different and interprets different actions in different ways.

jueves, 4 de octubre de 2007

Component Fallacies

A Swiftly Melting Planet
By THOMAS HOMER-DIXON
Published: October 4, 2007

THE Arctic ice cap melted this summer at a shocking pace, disappearing at a far higher rate than predicted by even the most pessimistic experts in global warming. But we shouldn’t be shocked, because scientists have long known that major features of earth’s interlinked climate system of air and water can change abruptly.
Irrelevant conclusion is the kind of fallacy currently being used in the previous paragraph because it is contradicting itself, therefore not making clear which side it is that it is defending. Begging the question is another fallacy used since it has, from the beginning, talked about how global warming is bad.
A big reason such change happens is feedback — not the feedback that you’d like to give your boss, but the feedback that creates a vicious circle. This type of feedback in our global climate could determine humankind’s future prosperity and even survival.
Slippery slope is included here because it says that once the cycle has begun there is no way of actually stopping it but there might be ways except that they are very difficult to make and the author wants a more drastic feeling on the readers.
The vast expanse of ice floating on the surface of the Arctic Ocean always recedes in the summer, reaching its lowest point sometime in September. Every winter it expands again, as the long Arctic night descends and temperatures plummet. Each summer over the past six years, global warming has trimmed this ice’s total area a little more, and each winter the ice’s recovery has been a little less robust. These trends alarmed climate scientists, but most thought that sea ice wouldn’t disappear completely in the Arctic summer before 2040 at the earliest.
It is a mixture of Hasty Generalization because its saying that these things are occurring every year when it is not necessarily like that and a slippery slope fallacy because it describes that the icecaps are each time melting more and freezing less in a cycle. Also Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc because it is saying how one thing occurred due to the fact that the other occurred before.
But this past summer sent scientists scrambling to redo their estimates. Week by week, the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, Colo., reported the trend: from 2.23 million square miles of ice remaining on Aug. 8 to 1.6 million square miles on Sept. 16, an astonishing drop from the previous low of 2.05 million square miles, reached in 2005.
Misleading statistic because that maybe what occurs every year but the public doesn’t know it and the author just chose one of the points in which every year there is a drastic drop.
The loss of Arctic sea ice won’t be the last abrupt change in earth’s climate, because of feedbacks. One of the climate’s most important destabilizing feedbacks involves Arctic ice. It works like this: our release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases around the planet causes some initial warming that melts some ice. Melting ice leaves behind open ocean water that has a much lower reflectivity (or albedo) than that of ice. Open ocean water absorbs about 80 percent more solar radiation than sea ice does. And so as the sun warms the ocean, even more ice melts, in a vicious circle. This ice-albedo feedback is one of the main reasons warming is happening far faster in the high north, where there are vast stretches of sea ice, than anywhere else on Earth.
The slippery slope fallacy because of the cycle that the ice-albedo warming shows. Also Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc because it is saying that the ice is melting due to the water being warmer due to the… all in a way that shows how one thing happened because another happened before.
There are other destabilizing feedbacks in the carbon cycle that involve the oceans. Each year, the oceans absorb about half the carbon dioxide that humans emit into the atmosphere. But as oceans warm, they will absorb less carbon dioxide, partly because the gas dissolves less readily in warmer water, and partly because warming will reduce the mixing between deep and surface waters that provides nutrients to plankton that absorb carbon dioxide. And when oceans take up less carbon dioxide, warming worsens.
Also Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc and slippery slope because it is showing how one thing happened before the other and that there is now no ways to stop it from keep on influencing.
Scientists have done a good job incorporating some feedbacks into their climate models, especially those, like the ice-albedo feedback, that operate directly on the temperature of air or water. But they haven’t incorporated as well feedbacks that operate on the atmosphere’s concentrations of greenhouse gases or that affect the cycle of carbon among air, land, oceans and organisms. Yet these may be the most important feedbacks of all.
Hasty Generalization because many scientists have talked about these thing but the author is saying that all scientists have done the other kind of feedback.
Global warming is melting large areas of permafrost in Alaska, Canada and Siberia. As it melts, the organic matter in the permafrost starts to rot, releasing carbon dioxide and methane (molecule for molecule, methane traps far more heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide).
Non Sequitur: doesn’t explain well what it is that is going on.
Warming is also affecting wetlands and forests around the world, helping to desiccate immense peat bogs in Indonesia, contributing to more frequent drought in the Amazon basin, and propelling a widening beetle infestation that’s killing enormous tracts of pine forest in Alaska and British Columbia. (This infestation is on the brink of crossing the Canadian Rockies into the boreal forest that extends east to Newfoundland.) Dried peat and dead and dying forests are vulnerable to wildfires that would emit huge quantities of carbon into the atmosphere.
Red herring because it’s talking about something different to support the statement.
This summer’s loss of Arctic sea ice indicates that at least one major destabilizing feedback is gaining force quickly. Scientists have also recently learned that the Southern Ocean, which encircles Antarctica, appears to be absorbing less carbon, while Greenland’s ice sheet is melting at an accelerating rate.
Straw man argument because it gives simple, exaggerated examples to make his point get to the reader deeper and faster.
When warming becomes its own cause, we might not be able to stop extremely harmful climate change no matter how much we cut our greenhouse gas emissions. We need a far more aggressive global response to climate change. In the 1960s, mothers learned that the milk they were feeding their children was laced with radioactive material from atmospheric tests of nuclear weapons and that this contamination could increase the risk of childhood leukemia. Soon women organized themselves in the tens of thousands to demand that nuclear powers ban atmospheric testing. Their campaign largely succeeded.
In response to the new dangers of climate change, we need a similar mobilization — of mothers, of students and of everyone with a stake in the future — now.
Slippery slope and Faulty analogy are the two kinds of component fallacies being used because it says that global warming might be unstoppable and it uses an example of women and their babies protection by strike to compare to global warming and how people should act to make it stop but the circumstances are very different.
Thomas Homer-Dixon, a professor of peace and conflict studies at the University of Toronto, is the author of “The Upside of Down: Catastrophe, Creativity and the Renewal of Civilization.”

miércoles, 3 de octubre de 2007

The Graeae and Gorgons, Perseus and Medusa, Atlas, and Andromeda

These four myths show how Perseus killed medusa and what became of his life after he did. Thru out this period of his life, Perseus shows himself as a very highly self esteemed person who considers himself the greatest person of all. Still it is not him who is such a great person but that fact that he has such a great weapon that leads him to many of his victorious battles. He is aswell aware of his heritage and considers himself greatly due to the fact that Jupiter is his father. Still he is denied hostility by atlas due to this very fact, “Begone! or neither your false claims of glory or parenthage shall protect you.” (Perseus and Atlas, 95) Perseus, outraged for his poor treatment, turns Atlas into stone by making him look at Medusas head. Yet he once more uses his powerful weapon at his wedding when Cepheus attacks and being close to being defeated, Perseus shows his opponent medusas face and so he turns into stone. The problem with this action was that not only his enemies watched the face and turned into stone but his friends as well, feeling terrible about his friend’s deaths, he looks at medusas head from free will and is turned into stone.

martes, 2 de octubre de 2007

Monsters

These myths are mostly a description of each of the monsters that were believed to exist during the Greeks time. Some of the ones included are the giants, the sphinx, Pegasus and Chimaeras, the centaurs, the pygmies and the griffins. All of these monsters had a special characteristic that would scare the humans and even sometimes the gods. For example the giants got the gods to move all the way up to a different mountain and they dragged them once to India. It also happens that most of these monsters are a mixture of another two or more species. All of these monsters have a very special characteristic that makes them be feared, a characteristic that humans lack and therefore these creatures are found extraordinary.
This constantly happens, the fact that whatever humans lack is cool. It is looked at it like that because humans consider themselves the best of best when they actually lack many abilities. Watching other creatures has the characteristics that they don’t have, humans decide that they want them and find a way to obtain these characteristics even if they are unnatural. For example humans have learned how to fly, by using airplanes, how to have a better vision at night by using flashlights, to swim fastly and through long distances with boats, to travel without getting tired, by car and many other special abilities that are natural in some animals humans have adapted artificially to their own benefit and use.

Nisus and Scylla, Echo and Narcissus, Hero and Leander, and Clyte.

Love does not always bring the expected results. Love is supposed to make a person happy and enjoy life but it will sometimes become a way of suffering. In Nisus and Scylla, Scylla falls in love with her father’s enemy and betrays his father just to be able to be with his lover. Still what she felt was unreturned love and so Minos, her lover, does not accept her due to her dishonest action of betrayal. It is then so that she is left suffering for her lover while he sails away, it also occurs that her father then finds about her doings and follows her for revenge. This leaves Scylla without any love, not her father’s love, and not her lovers love, she is left behind on her own, grieving and suffering. In Echo and Narcissus Juno punishes Echo for helping the nymphs hide their affair with Juno´s husband. While being punished with only being able to have the last word, Echo falls in love with Narcissus, but he feels no love in return and so rejects her. Clyte, too, is a victim of unreturned love, she falls in love with Apollo but he pays her no attention. Following with her gaze Apollo every day, coming out as the sun, Clyte is soon turned into a sunflower, the flower that is always facing Apollo in it form of sun. In hero and Leander though, the lovers love is from both parties and even though they have to fight the sea every night to see each other, their love is so strong, that they don’t care how many obstacles they have to get through as long as they are together in the end. This is why when Leander dies, Hero gives her body to the sea and drowns to be with him.

The Golden Fleece, Medea and Aeson, Hercules, and Hebe and Ganymede.

These four myths are each very unique in their own way. The Golden Fleece is the story in which Jason has to go over different obstacles to be able to obtain the Golden Fleece which was ordered to him by Pelias. Medea and Aeson Is the story in which Medea gives Aeson the gift of making his father live longer and then when the same destiny was asked for Jason’s uncle, Medea tricked her daughters and killed their father. Still afterwards Aeson found a wife and Medea got jealous and set the city on fire and then escaped to Athens. Hebe and Ganymede is just the story of hebe resigning to her spot as Hercules’s wife and Ganymede was a Trojan war with no important destiny. Still from these four myths the one that got most of my attention was Hercules. Hercules did not only draw my attention but it as well made me realize that the version I knew about, the Disney version, is very different from the original. In the Disney version Hercules is shown in only one of his twelve labors. He is also involved in a love story which doesn’t really occur and at the and his happy ending is the possibility of becoming a god while in the myth I just read he actually kills himself and his greatest honoring from the gods is the fact that they make a constellation in his honor.